State and federal public health officials are investigating a multistate outbreak of cyclosporiasis, a foodborne illness caused by the parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis.
According to a Johns Hopkins Medicine article, since May 1, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has received 843 confirmed cases nationwide and is reviewing more than 1,500 additional suspected cases, with illnesses reported in more than 30 states. People become infected by consuming food or water contaminated with the parasite, most often through fresh produce exposed to contaminated water. Unlike many other gastrointestinal illnesses, cyclosporiasis does not spread from person to person.
The illness most commonly causes diarrhea, though symptoms can also include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, bloating, fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Symptoms typically begin about one week after exposure and, without treatment, can last for weeks or even months.
From the article:
The source of the current outbreak is not known, but previous outbreaks have been linked to imported fresh produce, including bagged salads, leafy greens, fresh basil, fresh cilantro and raspberries.
Cyclosporiasis is diagnosed through a stool test and is treatable with antibiotics. Individuals experiencing severe or prolonged diarrhea should contact their health care provider, particularly those who are immunocompromised, as they face a higher risk of severe illness. Staying hydrated is also an important part of treatment.
To reduce the risk of infection, public health experts recommend:
- Thoroughly washing fresh fruits and vegetables before eating them and cooking them may kill the parasite
- Avoiding drinking untreated water from lakes, streams, and other natural sources
- Washing hands frequently, especially after using the restroom and before preparing food
- Practicing good food safety when handling fresh produce
