As budget debates heat up in both Washington and Annapolis, one troubling pattern has emerged: cost-shifting.
When federal and state leaders avoid tough fiscal decisions, the burden often “hot potatoes” into the hands of local governments, forcing difficult choices about taxes and essential services. For example, currently, Congress is debating a massive fiscal package with proposals that could drastically cut Medicaid funding. If they cut their federal contributions or reduce them, Maryland could face a billion-dollar shortfall—yes, with a “b.” This forces the state to either absorb the cost or toss it along to the counties.
At the same time, Maryland is grappling with its own budget difficulties. Instead of cutting essential services that residents have come to expect or raising state revenues, counties could see a shift in the financial responsibility of property assessments, teacher pensions, or special education falling into their laps. This approach balances the state’s books on paper but places another burden on local governments that must provide essential services to its residents.
Counties, now stuck with a very hot potato, don’t have the luxury of tossing it to the next player. MACo is working in Annapolis to find other solutions where counties aren’t left holding the bag.
See Executive Director of MACo, Michael Sanderson’s full breakdown of the issue below:
Headlines around the federal fiscal package focus on tax cuts. Extending some that were previously promised, but temporary to be “scored” as affordable (that shell game is its own thread for another time). Passing new tax cuts on businesses and workers. Tax cuts are popular. 2/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
But when the House started mulling service cuts, members balked at the specifics. Instead, the House recently passed a broad gameplan for fiscal discipline, that just sets out targets for spending cuts, with no details. Even that only passed by the narrowest of margins. 4/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
There are complicated politics and economics of reducing health care for poor families. One worrisome option is just to withdraw health care for many families, re-draw the line on who gets Medicaid coverage, and kick some people out. Difficult optics, right? 6/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
The federal govt could really save some money by just tinkering with that payment system. What if they only fund 45%, not 50%? Or pick a number, whatever it takes to reach their budget-cutting target. Politically, appetizing… nobody gets kicked out, the feds just pay less. 8/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
Let’s say Washington passes some re-defining shares of Medicaid funding. Quick math suggests that’s for Maryland maybe a billion dollars a year. What if the feds did that? Just reduce the federal share, and tell Maryland to pick up another billion in costs? 10/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
Maryland leaders would say, “That’s not making choices, that’s just throwing the hot potato to someone else.” We (counties) completely agree. We hope that @NACoTweets and their state-level counterparts prevail in Washington and avoid a catastrophe like that. 12/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
The statewide agency that does property assessments? Invoice the counties and Baltimore City for 90% of those costs (the State still wants to run it, just not pay for it). That is honestly a proposal on the table in Annapolis to help this year’s budget balancing. 14/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
Students who need a very special education plan could overwhelm the county-level budget, so the State pays a share. But this year, the plan is to just rewrite who pays what, and put more costs onto the local school systems. Another shift, another local burden. 16/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
That’s why county leaders are coming to Annapolis this week, and all through this difficult session. The State fiscal plan now includes around a quarter billion-with-a-B dollars a year in bad news for county budgets, most of it tied up in these “cost shifts.” 18/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
So the temptation is to still say “yes” to service, and then just re-draw the lines on who pays for them. Congress is being tempted. The State will tell them it’s unfair. But the State is being tempted, too. And it’s unfair there, as well. 20/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
That’s what is at stake here. If Congress shifts costs, the State feels the pain. If the State shifts costs, the Counties have nowhere to go. It’s raise taxes, likely your property tax that you rightfully hate, or we have to cut back on those front line services. 22/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
#MDGA25 Annapolis leaders have a tough job. The fiscal picture calls for hard choices, and some will be unpopular. One lever, “make someone else pay for it” sounds too good to be true, and IT IS. It’s the same constituents who pay, in the end. 24/
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025
Congress should resist the urge to just shift costs as an easy way out. Annapolis leaders should do the same. The weeks ahead will tell the story, counties are preparing for the worst, and hoping for the best from their State-level partners. 25/25 (fin)
— Michael Sanderson (@msanderson_MACo) February 27, 2025