Umbrellas have become indispensable tools, particularly in the rainy climate of Maryland. Baltimore City proudly holds the distinction of being home to the first umbrella factory.
The first umbrella factory was founded in 1828 by German immigrant Francis Beehler. The Beehler Factory’s motto was, “Born in Baltimore, Raised Everywhere!”
By the 20th century, umbrellas had gained widespread popularity across the nation, with Baltimore hosting numerous thriving factories. With the huge success of these factories, Baltimore City earned the title of “the umbrella capital of the world.” Annually, the city would send over 1.5 million umbrellas nationwide, giving it the reputation of a pivotal hub in the umbrella industry.
With the escalating demand, competition among companies soared. Among these manufacturers was Polan, Katz & Co., established in 1906 by Charles Katz, Jesse N. Polan, and William Fox. Remarkably, within just eight years, Polan, Katz & Co. emerged as the nation’s largest umbrella manufacturer, surpassing competitors such as the Beehler Umbrella Factory and another prominent Baltimore-based company, Gans Brothers.
Following World War II, shifts in conditions and fashion led to a decline in parasol sales, while umbrellas maintained their upward trajectory. Baltimore’s umbrella manufacturers adapted to the changing landscape by innovating and patenting specialized umbrella designs. Notably, two such innovations were the “Name-On” umbrella, facilitating easy identification of one’s umbrella, and the “Travella” umbrella, featuring a detachable handle for convenient packing into a suitcase.
After decades of flourishing through artistic ingenuity and technological innovation, the umbrella industry faced a decline, partially attributed to the increasing affordability of cars. This shift led to the closure of notable factories. Beehler closed its doors in 1976, followed by Polan, Katz & Co. in 1981, marking the end of an era for Baltimore’s once-thriving umbrella manufacturing industry.
While umbrellas may no longer dominate the industrial landscape, their origins trace back to Francis Beehler in Baltimore City.
For more information see Made in Maryland.
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